1) Mention what are the duties of an OpticianMeasure, design, fit and frames according to the optical prescriptionHelp the customer in selecting framesEnsuring that the lenses are according to the specificationsPrepare instructions and work orders for grinding lenses and fabricating eyeglassesMaintaining record of customers work orders, prescription, and paymentsPerforming duties like submitting patient insurance information, performing simple book-keeping and tracking inventory & salesDemonstrate customers about how to insert and remove lensesTrain the fellow student opticians2) Explain the meaning of the term “Amblyopia”? Amblyopia is a condition where one of the two eyes has poor vision or Amblyopic. This condition is also referred as lazy eyes.3) Mention what is the difference between Ophthalmologist, Optometrist, and Optician?Ophthalmologist: It is a medical practitioner, who diagnose and treats all eye diseases, perform surgeries and treats all eye diseasesOptometrist: It is a health care professional who gives primary vision care. Their primary role includes performing eye and vision test, prescribing correct lenses, diagnosis certain eye abnormalities and prescribing medication for certain eye diseasesOptician: They are trained professionals who design, verify and fit eyeglass frames and lenses. They do not operate or dispense prescription or perform any kind of vision test; they only work with eye lenses and frames to correct eyesight.4) What are the tools used by an optician? Tools used by an optician areBracing toolsAngling pliersBridge adjustment toolsLens adjustment pliersFrame warmersFilesScrewdrivers and wrenchesOphthalmoscopeLens clockLens thickness calipersCorneal refraction pupillometer5) Explain what is intraocular pressure? Intraocular pressure is used to refer the pressure exerted inside the eyeball, which keeps the wall taut. 6) What is the condition known where the person can see the object far away and not which are close them? Such condition is referred as Hyperopia, where a person can’t see nearby object.7) Explain what is cataract? A cataract is a medical condition where person’s eye lens becomes opaque due to the aging or disease like diabetes or hypertension.8) Explain where polycarbonate is used? Polycarbonate is a lens material that is characterized by its lightness, high refractive index, impact resistance and U.V absorption9) Explain what is detached a retina? Detached retina is a condition in which part of the retina detached from the inside of the eye. The early symptoms of this condition include falling curtains in front of eyes followed by new flashing lights10) List out the types of lenses? The types of lenses available arePolycarbonate lensesTrivex lensesHigh index plastic lensesAspheric lensesPhotochromic lensesPolarized lenses11) Explain what are Bifocal lenses? Bifocal lenses are designed into two separate parts, which gives the user the freedom of seeing objects nearby and farsighted without changing the glasses. 12) Explain what is the difference between Bifocal lenses and Progressive lenses? The usage of both these lenses are same but, progressive lenses with their multiple focal distances easily adapt to the environment or adjust your eyes for the vision. While, the bifocal lenses will take some time to adjust the vision from a distance to nearby or vice versa. One setback with progressive lens is that it creates a vision that is slightly distorted compared to Bi-focal lenses.13) Explain how to protect your lens from damaging?Don’t wear contact lenses overnight, it increases the risk of infection and damaging corneaDon’t wear contact lenses while swimming or taking shower, the micro-organism or chemical present in them may cause infectionDon’t reuse contact lens solution, it may increase the risk of eye infectionMake sure every two or three months you are replacing your contact lensesIf contact lens brings irritation to the eye, then see doctor immediatelyNever use saliva as a lubricant for your contact lenses14) Who are all not recommended to use contact lenses?People who are working in industries like construction site or heavy engineering, where there is a lot of debris, should avoid wearing contact lensesPeople who are having dry eye problemsPeople who are compromising the safety measures for using contact lens15) What are the different types of chemical solution used while handling contact lenses?Lubricants for eye dryness: Many people have eye dryness problem, they can use lubricants to keep their eye wetUse preservative-free solution: Certain people are sensitive to the chemical used in the eye lens as preservative, for them they can use preservative free solutionSaline solution: It is used for storing and rinsing contact lensesDaily cleaner: It is used as a disinfectantMultipurpose solution: This solution can be used for all purposes like rinsing, cleaning, disinfecting and storingEnzymatic cleaner: This solution is used to take away the protein accumulated from the surface of the contact lenses.16) Explain what is Astigmatism? Astigmatism is a medical condition where the image created on the retina is not equal in all meridians, causing blurring.17) Explain what is the function of lensometer? Lensometer is a device used to characterized the properties of lens likePower of the lensOptical center locationMajor reference point locationCylinder axis orientationPrism power/ direction18) Mention what are the different types of lens meters? Lens are classified into twoManually operated- Vertometer, LensometerComputerized- Topcon 2000, Humphrey19) What is 1 diopeter equal to? 1 diopeter= 1/focal length20) Mention the reason due to which short sightedness or Myopia may occur? How it can be corrected? Myopia is a condition where person is unable to see far objects, and it may cause due toWhen eyes crystalline lens becomes too convexWhen the eyeball lengthens from front to backIt can be improved by using a concave lens 21) Mention what is the formula for calculating the decentration per lens? Formula for calculating decentration per lens is Decentration per lens = FPD ( Frame pupillary Distance) – (PPD) Patient pupillary distance/ 222) What happens when PPD is smaller than the FPD? When PPD is smaller than FPDDecentration per lens is a positive numberThe lenses are decentered inward towards the nasal